Interferometry
In this experiment you will study photon interference using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
Recommended Literature
Make sure you are familiar with the general concepts of wave physics and wave mechanics. For more information, see the Wikipedia page on waves.
Revisit the physics of geometrical optics and study topics you do not know well. Some useful illustrations with explanations to geometrical optics can be found here.
Make sure you are completely comfortable with the law of refraction of light.
Refresh or improve your basic understanding of wave mechanics with this relevant lecture from Yale University's OYC.