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The following table shows data of two pairs of mesons. (The data
is taken from the 2014 PDG report.)
Data of two pairs of mesons (in MeV)
| Name |
Quarks |
Mass |
Mass Difference |
| K+ |
us̄ |
493.7 |
- |
| K0 |
ds̄ |
497.6 |
3.9 |
| |
|
|
|
| B+ |
ub̄ |
5279.3 |
- |
| B0 |
db̄ |
5279.6 |
0.3 |
As usual, it is accepted here that strong interactions of the
K+ meson is practically the same as that of the K0
meson.
Hence, the mass difference between these mesons stems from two effects:
the d quark is heavier than the u quark and the
Coulomb interaction between the quark constituents of these mesons
is different. In the case of the K+ meson the two quarks carry
positive charge of +2e/3
and +e/3, respectively
whereas in the K0 case the quarks carry electric
charge of opposite sign ±e/3, respectively.
Therefore, in the K+ meson the Coulomb interaction
increases the particle's mass whereas in the
K0 case it decreases the mass.
It can be concluded that in the case of the K+, K0
mesons, the u,d mass difference and the
Coulomb interaction work in opposite directions: the d quark of the
K0 is heavier than the u quark of the
K+ whereas the Coulomb interaction decreases
the mass of the K0 and increases the mass of the
K+. The data of the table shows that the first effect
is larger than the second effect and the K0
is heavier than the K+.
An analogous situation if found in the case of the
B+ and the B0
mesons, but the final effect is different.
Obviously, the mass difference between the u,d quarks is the same
as that of the previous case but the Coulomb energy is not necessarily
the same. The data of the table shows that in the case of the
B+ and the B0 mesons the Coulomb interaction
is stronger and nearly cancels the entire
mass difference that is related to the
u,d quarks.
Due to the fact that the s,b quarks have the same electric charge,
one concludes that the radius of the B mesons is smaller
than the radius of the K meson.
This conclusion is consistent with the measured charge radius of the
π and the K mesons, which is 0.672 fm and 0.560 fm,
respectively.
This discussion shows the following trend: Heavier mesons have a
smaller radius. Now, the mesons radius is determined by the
strong interactions between the quark and the antiquark that compose the
meson.
Conclusion: Meson data show that
strong interactions behave like Coulomb interactions. Namely,
if the constituents are heavier then the radius is smaller. This conclusion
supports the Regular Charge Monopole Theory of strong interactions
which ascribes strong interactions to the interactions between magnetic
monopoles.
It is not clear how this effect can be reconciled with QCD's
asymptotic freedom where the
intensity of the interaction decreases together with
the distance between quarks.
Links to a description of the Regular Charge-Monopole Theory can be found
here.
For reading a review article demonstrating the overwhelming advantage of the Regular Charge-Monopole Theory over QCD
click here.
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